Intellectual capital and its impacts on SMEs profitability during COVID-19 pandemic

This study aims to examine the relationship between intellectual capital and profitability in pre-COVID-19 period its change during pandemic, focusing on Slovak small medium enterprises (SMEs). The novelty of this is analyses crisis conducted a sector level via linear mixed-effects models Central Eastern European country. data sample consisted 24,351 enterprises. assumes positive company size, age, employed efficiency, structural human efficiency year. Companies with higher value-added coefficient (VAIC) scores achieved values both return assets (ROA) equity (ROE). results also show that structured efficiencies negatively impacted 2020. On level, pandemic hit following sectors most: tourism gastronomy gambling due various restrictions closures.